If you’re planning to move to Canada — or just arrived — you’ve probably heard that healthcare is “free” here. But is it really? As a mom of three raising kids in Ottawa, I’ve had my fair share of visits to doctors, hospitals, and walk-in clinics. So today, I want to share the real pros and cons of the Canadian healthcare system in 2025 — based on experience, not just theory.
Understanding how healthcare works here can help you set the right expectations and avoid unnecessary frustration as a newcomer.
Why You Should Read This
- ✅ Learn what healthcare is actually covered — and what isn’t
- ✅ Discover tips to handle long wait times and limited access
- ✅ Find out how to register for health insurance as a newcomer
1. The Pros of Canada’s Healthcare System
✅ Universal Coverage (No Basic Medical Bills)
One of the biggest advantages is that every Canadian citizen and permanent resident has access to essential medical services. That means:
- No cost for doctor visits, emergency room, or hospital stays
- No need to worry about losing coverage due to job loss
- Free immunizations for kids
When my youngest had a fever in the middle of the night, we were able to visit a children’s hospital without worrying about the cost. That peace of mind? Priceless.
✅ Coverage for Newcomers (With a Provincial Health Card)
Most provinces offer healthcare to newcomers with PR or work permits after a short waiting period (0–3 months depending on the province). In Ontario, for example, you can apply for OHIP (Ontario Health Insurance Plan) as soon as you arrive.
You won’t be paying doctor or ER bills — even major surgeries are covered!2. The Cons of Canada’s Healthcare System
❌ Long Wait Times
The biggest downside? Waiting. Lots of it. Canada's median wait time reached a record high of 30 weeks in 2024. Depending on your province and the urgency of your case, wait times can range from:
- 2–4 hours at walk-in clinics
- Weeks to months to see a family doctor (many Canadians don't have a family doctor)
- Months for non-urgent specialist appointments or surgery (36% wait over 3 months just for a first specialist appointment)
I once waited 6 months for a pediatric ENT appointment for my twins — not fun when your child has recurring ear infections.
❌ No Dental, Vision, or Prescription Coverage (for most adults)
Basic healthcare does not cover:
- Dental care — However, as of May 2025, the Canadian Dental Care Plan (CDCP) now covers eligible Canadians aged 18-64 based on income. If you qualify (household income under $90,000), you can access federal dental coverage. But if you don't qualify, you'll need private insurance or pay out-of-pocket.
- Eye exams or glasses — Not covered for most adults (some provinces cover children and seniors)
- Prescription medications — Not covered unless you're a senior, child, or on social assistance
That means you’ll either need to pay out-of-pocket or get private insurance to cover these costs. Some employers offer health benefits, but not all.
"Free healthcare" in Canada doesn't mean everything is free — just the essentials. And even then, be prepared to wait.
3. What Newcomers Need to Know
🩺 How to Get a Health Card
To access free healthcare, you need to register for your provincial health card (like OHIP in Ontario or RAMQ in Quebec). Required documents usually include:
- Proof of residency (rental lease or utility bill)
- Immigration papers (PR card, work/study permit)
- Government-issued photo ID
In some provinces like Quebec, you may face a 3-month waiting period — during which you’ll need private insurance. Don’t skip this step!
👨⚕️ Finding a Family Doctor
Not all areas have available doctors taking new patients. You may need to register on a provincial waitlist or use walk-in clinics for the time being.
Get on a family doctor waitlist as soon as possible — it can take months!4. Final Verdict: Is Canada’s Healthcare System Good or Bad?
There’s no perfect system, but Canada’s healthcare has major advantages — especially for families. While you’ll deal with wait times and limited coverage in some areas, you’ll also gain:
- Peace of mind in emergencies
- No surprise bills
- Child-friendly care and immunizations
From my experience, the key is to understand the limitations early and prepare. Many newcomers expect everything to be fast and 100% free — which isn’t the case.
Canada’s healthcare is generous — but be realistic and plan for gaps like dental and prescriptions.Want to learn how to register for healthcare as a newcomer?
Click the link below for: How to Get OHIP in Ontario
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